BEGINNER PATH / 13

RISKS, MISTAKES & SCAMS.

Understanding Bitcoin also means understanding what it cannot do for you. There is no central undo button, prices can fall sharply, self-custody can be lost through poor backup practices, and scammers actively target Bitcoin users.

MARKET RISK

PRICE CAN FALL

Bitcoin's market price can move substantially in either direction. A fixed maximum supply does not create a guaranteed minimum price or guaranteed investment return.

TRANSACTION RISK

NO CENTRAL REVERSAL

If you send Bitcoin to the wrong valid destination, there is no bank or central Bitcoin operator that can simply cancel the transaction. A refund depends on the recipient cooperating.

RECOVERY RISK

SECRETS CAN BE LOST OR STOLEN

A self-custody wallet depends on protecting its keys and recovery information. Losing necessary recovery material can remove access; exposing it can allow someone else to take control.

CUSTODY RISK

THIRD PARTIES CAN FAIL

Leaving Bitcoin with a custodian means relying on that provider's security, solvency, systems, policies and ability to process withdrawals.

CUSTODY VS SELF-CUSTODY →
PRIVACY RISK

THE BLOCKCHAIN IS PUBLIC

Bitcoin is not automatically anonymous. Transactions are recorded publicly, and information revealed elsewhere can sometimes connect activity to a person or organization.

TECHNICAL RISK

SOFTWARE MATTERS

Wallets, devices and services can contain defects or be compromised. Security depends on both Bitcoin's protocol and the quality of the software and operational practices you use.

COMMON ATTACKS / 14

SCAMMERS TARGET HUMAN DECISIONS.

Many losses do not involve breaking Bitcoin's cryptography. They involve persuading a person to reveal a recovery phrase, install malicious software, trust a fake investment, or send funds to the attacker's address.
SECRET REQUEST

“SEND ME YOUR SEED PHRASE”

Anyone who obtains recovery information may be able to reconstruct the wallet. Treat requests for it as a critical warning.

ADDRESS SWAP

VERIFY THE WHOLE DESTINATION

Malware and address-poisoning attacks can try to make you copy an attacker's address. Verify destination information rather than relying only on the first or last characters.

GUARANTEED RETURNS

NO ONE CAN GUARANTEE THE MARKET

Claims of guaranteed Bitcoin profit, guaranteed doubling or risk-free returns should be treated with extreme caution.

Beginner operating rule: use small amounts while learning, independently verify addresses and software, protect recovery information, and do not act under pressure from someone demanding an urgent Bitcoin payment.